In Arizona, ICWA’s effect on a DCS case, (child welfare, foster care, adoption, and termination of parental rights) are mainly procedural. ICWA has a number of protections, but they can be summed up with two words: participation and difficulty.
ICWA affords opportunities for an Indian child’s family and tribe to participate in any DCS case involving an “Indian child.” ICWA requires increased and more difficult procedures and court findings in many states.
In states like Arizona, the law in DCS cases has evolved to closely mirror these elevated ICWA difficulties in all child welfare cases. Even so, in Arizona termination cases, the parental rights of an Indian parent cannot be removed without an elevated burden of proof and evidence.
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